Concrete Poem

A concrete poem is a collage of words, letters or symbols that creates meaning both by what it says and by how it looks. As early as the 17th century, poets experimented with concrete poems. George Herbert, an English poet, wrote "Easter Wings," for instance, which looks like a pair of wings on the page. Some concrete poems do not use words; instead, pictorial symbols are arranged to be "read." 

Here are two concrete poems:

Bird #3
   by Don J. Carlson

                    Poe's
                  raven told
            him nothing nevermore
                  and Vincent's circling
                    crows were a threat to destroy
                      sunlight. Now I saw a bird, black with a yellow
                        beak, orange rubber legs
                           pecking to kill the
                             lawn, storm bird
                              hates with claw,
                                  evil beak,
                                        s
                                        u
                                        n
                                    and eye


Swan and Shadow
            by John Hollander

                            Dusk
                         Above the
                    water hang the
                              loud
                             flies
                             Here
                            O so
                           gray
                          then
                         What             A pale signal will appear
                        When         Soon before its shadow fades
                       Where       Here in this pool of opened eye
                       In us     No Upon us As at the very edges
                        of where we take shape in the dark air
                         this object bares its image awakening
                           ripples of recognition that will
                              brush darkness up into light
even after this bird this hour both drift by atop the perfect sad instant now
                              already passing out of sight
                           toward yet-untroubled reflection
                         this image bears its object darkening
                        into memorial shades Scattered bits of
                       light     No of water Or something across
                       water       Breaking up No Being regathered
                        soon         Yet by then a swan will have
                         gone             Yes out of mind into what
                          vast
                           pale
                            hush
                             of a
                             place
                              past
                    sudden dark as
                         if a swan
                            sang

page last updated on 08 February 2003